That is an audio model of the Wikipedia Article:
00:02:13 1 Textual content
00:02:21 1.1 Group
00:02:30 1.1.1 Mandalas
00:04:47 1.1.2 Prosody
00:06:32 1.2 Composers
00:07:15 1.three Transmission
00:10:05 1.Four Recensions
00:12:36 1.5 Manuscripts
00:13:39 1.5.1 Variations
00:15:31 1.5.2 Comparability
00:17:54 2 Contents
00:19:08 2.1 Hymns
00:23:47 2.2 Rigveda Brahmanas
00:26:40 2.three Rigveda Aranyakas and Upanishads
00:28:19 three Courting and historic context
00:33:44 Four Reception in Hinduism
00:33:53 4.1 Shruti
00:34:54 4.2 Medieval Hindu scholarship
00:36:55 4.three Arya Samaj and Aurobindo actions
00:37:59 4.Four Up to date Hinduism
00:39:37 5 Monism debate
00:42:20 6 Translations
00:44:04 7 See additionally
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SUMMARY
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The Rigveda (Sanskrit: ऋग्वेद ṛgveda, from ṛc “reward” and veda “information”) is an historic Indian assortment of Vedic Sanskrit hymns together with related commentaries on liturgy, ritual and mystical exegesis. It is without doubt one of the 4 sacred canonical texts (śruti) of Hinduism often called the Vedas.The core textual content, often called the Rigveda Samhita, is a group of 1,028 hymns (sūktas) in about 10,600 verses (referred to as ṛc, eponymous of the identify Rigveda), organized into ten books (maṇḍalas).
Within the eight books that had been composed the earliest, the hymns are largely reward of particular deities. The youthful books (books 1 and 10) partially additionally cope with philosophical or speculative questions, with the advantage of dāna (charity) in society and with different metaphysical points of their hymns.The oldest layers of the Rigveda Samhita are among the many oldest extant texts in any Indo-European language, maybe of comparable age as sure Hittite texts. Philological and linguistic proof signifies that the majority of the Rigveda Samhita was composed within the northwestern area of the Indian subcontinent, almost certainly between c. 1500 and 1200 BC, though a wider approximation of c. 1700–1100 BC has additionally been given. The preliminary codification of the Rigveda occurred throughout the early Kuru kingdom (c. 1200–900 BC).
A few of its verses proceed to be recited throughout Hindu rites of passage celebrations (corresponding to weddings) and prayers, making it most likely the world’s oldest spiritual textual content in continued use.The related materials has been preserved from two shakhas or “faculties”, often called Śākalya
and Bāṣkala. The varsity-specific commentaries are often called Brahmanas (Aitareya-brahmana and Kaushitaki-brahmana) Aranyakas (Aitareya-aranyaka and Kaushitaki-aranyaka),
and Upanishads (partly excerpted from the Aranyakas: Bahvrca-brahmana-upanishad, Aitareya-upanishad, Samhita-upanishad, Kaushitaki-upanishad).
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