The Upanishads are Hindu scriptures that target the next questions:
1. Who’s God?
2. Who am I?
3. What’s my relationship with God?
4. What are the traits of God?
5. How is Soul and God associated?
This chapter on Hinduism additionally summarizes the three states of existence of residing beings– Jagruti, Swapna and Shushupti that are linked to the idea of physique, thoughts and soul and the way the soul is the last word God. Additional, the chapter additionally covers the totally different colleges of thought on Brahman (God)
•Primarily based on the ideas regarding Gnana Maarga in Vedas ,numerous Rishis have expounded and analysed the idea of Brahman and these are known as Upanishads.
•There are greater than 100 Upanishads out of which 10 to 15 Upanishads are fairly well-known.
•The important thing questions analysed within the Upanishads are underneath:
Who am I? – is it my physique or my thoughts or one thing past this.
Who’s god? – is it inside me or outdoors of me, is it separate or is it all-pervasive.
What’s my relationship to god ?
What’s the traits of the god?
Whether or not it has type, perfume and many others and many others.
•These questions are analysed by way of deduction and elimination course of in numerous Upanishads in numerous methods
•One of many methods by which it’s established that there’s something which prompts the physique and thoughts is as underneath:
There are three states of Human existence as underneath: 1. when an individual is awake (known as Jagruthi) 2. When an individual is sleeping and in dream ( known as Swapna) 3. When an individual is in deep sleep (Sushupthi)
When any individual is awake, his interior organs (gnanendriyas) relating to varied emotions corresponding to pleasure, worry and many others are activated by the actions of his numerous organs (eyes, ears, mouth, hand and many others) known as karmendriyas
When he’s in dream (Swapna) though his karmendriyas are idle and never working, he nonetheless perceives pleasure, worry and many others by way of his thoughts instantly controlling gnanendriyas. This reveals that the thoughts is independently working even when physique is at sleep.
In deep sleep (sushupthi) even the thoughts is at relaxation however when he will get up the subsequent day he is ready to notice himself and perceive upto the earlier sleep what all had occurred. This reveals that there’s something past physique and thoughts which retains a tab of all these and which makes the physique and thoughts to behave.
•The Hindu Philosophy calls this because the Soul of the individual. Thus the existence of the soul past physique and thoughts is proved by one of many Upanishads.
•There are discussions in numerous Upanishads about what occurs to the soul after demise of an individual ; as per Upanishads when an individual dies solely his physique dies and the soul is everlasting.
•There are numerous discussions as as to if the soul of every individual is particular person or is it a part of cosmic soul. These discussions result in evolving of assorted philosophies like Advaitha, Dvaitha and Vishitadvaitha as we are going to see later.
•In Taitreya Uapnishad the god (Brahman) is outlined because the one :
•from which each and every residing being on this planet has come
•Due to which each and every residing being on this planet lives.
•To which each and every residing being on this planet goes again as soon as it ceases to exist
•Towards this definition numerous objects corresponding to Anna (meals) , Prana (breath), Mano (Thoughts) and Ananda(bliss) are in comparison with discover that all the things is God.
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