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Hinduism
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“The one true knowledge is in understanding nothing.”
– Socrates
SUMMARY
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Hinduism is an Indian faith and dharma, or a lifestyle, extensively practised within the Indian subcontinent and components of Southeast Asia. Hinduism has been known as the oldest faith on the planet, and a few practitioners and students check with it as Sanātana Dharma, “the everlasting custom”, or the “everlasting method”, past human historical past. Students regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of varied Indian cultures and traditions, with various roots and no founder. This “Hindu synthesis” began to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE, after the top of the Vedic interval (1500 BCE to 500 BCE), and flourished within the medieval interval, with the decline of Buddhism in India.Though Hinduism accommodates a broad vary of philosophies, it’s linked by shared ideas, recognisable rituals, cosmology, shared textual sources, and pilgrimage to sacred websites. Hindu texts are labeled into Śruti (“heard”) and Smṛti (“remembered”). These texts focus on theology, philosophy, mythology, Vedic yajna, Yoga, agamic rituals, and temple constructing, amongst different subjects. Main scriptures embrace the Vedas and Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita, and the Āgamas. Sources of authority and everlasting truths in its texts play an necessary position, however there may be additionally a powerful Hindu custom of questioning authority with a purpose to deepen the understanding of those truths and to additional develop the custom.Distinguished themes in Hindu beliefs embrace the 4 Puruṣārthas, the correct objectives or goals of human life, specifically Dharma (ethics/duties), Artha (prosperity/work), Kama (needs/passions) and Moksha (liberation/freedom from the cycle of demise and rebirth/salvation); karma (motion, intent and penalties), Saṃsāra (cycle of demise and rebirth), and the assorted Yogas (paths or practices to realize moksha). Hindu practices embrace rituals resembling puja (worship) and recitations, japa, meditation, family-oriented rites of passage, annual festivals, and occasional pilgrimages. Some Hindus go away their social world and materials possessions, then interact in lifelong Sannyasa (monastic practices) to realize Moksha. Hinduism prescribes the everlasting duties, resembling honesty, refraining from injuring dwelling beings (ahimsa), persistence, forbearance, self-restraint, and compassion, amongst others. The 4 largest denominations of Hinduism are the Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism and Smartism.Hinduism is the world’s third largest faith; its followers, often called Hindus, represent about 1.15 billion, or 15–16% of the worldwide inhabitants. Hindus kind nearly all of the inhabitants in India, Nepal and Mauritius. Vital Hindu communities are additionally discovered within the Caribbean, Africa, North America, and different nations.
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