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Hinduism
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SUMMARY
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Hinduism is an Indian faith and dharma, or a lifestyle, broadly practised within the Indian subcontinent and components of Southeast Asia. Hinduism has been referred to as the oldest faith on the planet, and a few practitioners and students confer with it as Sanātana Dharma, “the everlasting custom”, or the “everlasting means”, past human historical past. Students regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of varied Indian cultures and traditions, with numerous roots and no founder. This “Hindu synthesis” began to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE, after the top of the Vedic interval (1500 BCE to 500 BCE), and flourished within the medieval interval, with the decline of Buddhism in India.Though Hinduism accommodates a broad vary of philosophies, it’s linked by shared ideas, recognisable rituals, cosmology, shared textual assets, and pilgrimage to sacred websites. Hindu texts are categorized into Śruti (“heard”) and Smṛti (“remembered”). These texts talk about theology, philosophy, mythology, Vedic yajna, Yoga, agamic rituals, and temple constructing, amongst different subjects. Main scriptures embody the Vedas and Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita, and the Āgamas. Sources of authority and everlasting truths in its texts play an necessary function, however there’s additionally a robust Hindu custom of questioning authority in an effort to deepen the understanding of those truths and to additional develop the custom.Distinguished themes in Hindu beliefs embody the 4 Puruṣārthas, the correct targets or goals of human life, specifically Dharma (ethics/duties), Artha (prosperity/work), Kama (needs/passions) and Moksha (liberation/freedom from the cycle of loss of life and rebirth/salvation); karma (motion, intent and penalties), Saṃsāra (cycle of loss of life and rebirth), and the varied Yogas (paths or practices to realize moksha). Hindu practices embody rituals corresponding to puja (worship) and recitations, japa, meditation, family-oriented rites of passage, annual festivals, and occasional pilgrimages. Some Hindus go away their social world and materials possessions, then interact in lifelong Sannyasa (monastic practices) to realize Moksha. Hinduism prescribes the everlasting duties, corresponding to honesty, refraining from injuring dwelling beings (ahimsa), persistence, forbearance, self-restraint, and compassion, amongst others. The 4 largest denominations of Hinduism are the Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism and Smartism.Hinduism is the world’s third largest faith; its followers, often called Hindus, represent about 1.15 billion, or 15–16% of the worldwide inhabitants. Hindus kind nearly all of the inhabitants in India, Nepal and Mauritius. Important Hindu communities are additionally discovered within the Caribbean, Africa, North America, and different nations.
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